When I asked the nation’s top business leaders as to whom they admire most for enlightened leadership, they unanimously mentioned the name of 77-year-old Lee Kuan Yew, founding father of Singapore and now Senior Minister. Zobel said, “Lee is very straightforward, super honest and he always knew what he was talking about. Lee Kuan Yew is a leader whom I admire the most.” Lucio Tan explains, “Lee Kuan Yew has strong political will and selflessness as a leader.” In fact, Gohongwei goes a step further, describing Lee as “the world’s greatest businessman.” He adds, “Lee Kuan Yew is the greatest businessman, because he efficiently managed the Republic of Singapore like a successful giant corporation.” Lee is an exceptional Asian leader who personifies excellent management, integrity and discipline. Even John Chambers, boss of global giant Cisco System, says, “There are two equalizers in life: the Internet and education. Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew is a world leader who understands this and is using the power of the Internet to position Singapore for survival and success in the Internet economy.” Billionaire media tycoon Rupert Murdoch of News Corp. says, “More than 40 years ago, Lee Kuan Yew transformed what was a poor, decrepit colony into a shining, rich and modern metropolis, all the time surrounded by hostile powers. With his brilliant, incisive intellect, he is one of the world’s most outspoken and respected statesmen.” Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher says, “In office, I read and analyzed his every speech. He had a way of penetrating the fog of propaganda and expressing with unique clarity the issues of our times and the way we tackle them. He was never wrong.” One of the remarkable successes of Lee Kuan Yew’s management of Singapore is his making his nation the least corrupt in Asia, by institutionalizing “clean, no-money elections” and recruiting the best people into government. He says, “They must be paid a wage commensurate with what men of their ability and integrity are earning for managing a big corporation or successful legal or other professional practice. They have to manage a Singapore economy that yielded an annual growth rate of eight to nine percent in the last two decades, giving its citizens a per-capita income that the World Bank rated in 1995 as ninth highest in the world.” He debunked what Western liberals claimed about a free unfettered press exposing corruption, pointing out that the freewheeling press of India, the Philippines, Thailand, South Korea and Japan has not stopped pervasive corruption. One way Lee Kuan Yew cleaned up Singapore was by shaming corrupt officials. In fact, one of his cabinet ministers took his own life due to “loss of face” from corruption charges. “We have established a climate of opinion which looked upon corruption in pubic office as a threat to society.” Lee laments that in much of Asia, corruption has become a way of life for government officials. He said, “The higher they are, the bigger their homes and more numerous their wives or mistresses, all bedecked in jewelry appropriate to the power and position of their men.” Another method Lee used to stamp out corruption was that, in 1960, his government allowed the courts to treat proof that an accused was living beyond his means or had property his income could not explain as corroborating evidence that the accused had accepted or obtained a bribe,” Lee explains. On a recent visit to Singapore, I called at the office of Senior Minister Lee Kuan Yew who was then in America. I had requested the statesman to autograph my copy of his latest 778-page memoir entitled From Third World to First, The Singapore Story: 1965-2000. His secretary explained that Lee’s autograph is worth 10,000 Singapore dollars for each signed book, and that the proceeds would be donated to charities. Even in such a seemingly minor detail as the cost of an autographed book, Lee had a specific plan which reflected his pragmatic business-like ways, his efficiency and his public service. The memoir is an eloquent chronicle of Lee Kuan Yew’s extensive experiences in statecraft, politics and international diplomacy. In 1965, when the Muslim majority Malaysia expelled Singapore and forced it to exist as a city-State with no natural resources or army, few people gave it much chance of survival. The world has many tiny States, which have languished in obscurity, with even resource-rich small states like Nauru mired in problems. In 1965, the Sydney Morning Herald said, “An independent Singapore was not regarded as viable three years ago. Nothing in the current situation suggests that it is more viable today.” The Sunday Times of Britain in 1965 also predicted the eventual collapse of Singapore without British aid. Today, after decades of good governance and struggle, Singapore is a thriving nation with the world’s fourth highest per capita income. In this latest book, Lee fearlessly expresses his ideas, seeking “to be correct, not politically correct.” He is unapologetic for his aggressive responses to his political opponents, his often-unorthodox views on Western-style democratic systems, the Western concepts of human rights. Lee also recounts his impressions of nations, leaders an historic events as diverse as Indonesia from Suharto to President Wahid, Thailand, to Sultan of Brunei, Vietnam Myanmar, Cambodia, British leaders, Japan, America to Taiwan, Hong Kong and others. He advised Wahid, “ I said if he expected his ministers to be honest, they had to be paid so that they could live up to their status without corruption.” In acerbic Lee Kuan Yew style, he describes Margaret Thatcher, Ronald Reagan, China’s poetry-quoting Jiang Zemin, the late Mao Zedong, the incorruptible Zhu Rongji to the bold reformer Deng Xiaoping (whom he remembers as “a five-footer but a giant among men”).
第三篇（汉译英） Passage 3（Ｃ—Ｅ）
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions 《上海公报》 the Shanghai Communiqué 以史为鉴 reflect on the past 着眼大局 bear in mind the general situation 立足长远 take a long-term perspective 恪守 abide by 多样化 diversity 己所不欲，勿施于人 Do not do unto others what you would not have them do onto you 中美三个联合公报 the three Sino-U.S. Joint Communiqués
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions 主旨讲话 keynote speech 共同愿望 common aspiration 多极化 multi-polarization 不懈努力 unremitting efforts 趋利避害 seek advantage and avoid disadvantage 十年发展纲要 ten-year development outline 结构调整 restructuring 西部大开发 strategy of developing China’s west “走出去” going out; going global 民族尊严 national dignity 不容分割 brook no division 新台币 New Taiwan Dollar “**”势力 “Taiwan Independence” elements 完成祖国统一 to accomplish national reunification 强权政治 power politics
We will have it in February the 30th anniversary of the first visit to China by President Nixon, and the release of the Shanghai Communiqué. The visit by President Bush coincides with this day, and his visit is highly meaningful. Thirty years ago, leaders of China and the United States acted together to put an end to mutual estrangement and open the gate for exchange and cooperation between the two countries. History has proven that it was with great vision that our leaders took this major move. The growth of bilateral ties over the years has brought tangible benefits to the two peoples and played an important role in safeguarding peace in the Asia-Pacific region and the world as a whole. At present, despite profound changes in the international situation, China and the United States have more rather than less shared interests, and more rather than less common responsibility for world peace. The importance of the relationship has increased, rather than decreased. So to build a constructive and cooperative relationship serves the desire of not only the people of the two countries, but also the people throughout the world. The Chinese side is ready to join the U.S. side in reflecting on the past and looking to the future, increasing exchanges and cooperation, and enhancing understanding and trust. I’m deeply convinced that so long as the two sides bear in mind the general situation, take a long-term perspective, and abide by the principles in the three Sino-U.S. joint communiqués, the relationship will make even bigger strides forward in the years ahead. We’re living in a world of diversity. As two major countries with different national conditions, China and U.S. have, indeed, had some disagreements. But they also share broad and important common interests. So the old mind-sets that view the relationship between countries as either of alliance or confrontation ought to be abandoned, and a new security concept that features security through mutual trust and cooperation through mutual benefit should be established. It’s true that since the inception of reform and opening-up program, China’s national strength and people’s living standards have somewhat improved in recent years. Yet, compared with the developed countries, our economic and cultural development remains quite backward. With a population of 1.3 billion, the road ahead is still very long before we can basically complete modernization and deliver a better life to all our people. To focus on economic development and improvement of people’s livelihoods is our long-term central task. What China wants most is a peaceful and tranquil international environment with long-term stability. An old Chinese saying goes, “do not do onto others what you would not have them do onto you.” Even China becomes more developed in the future, it will not go for bullying or threatening other countries. Facts have proven already, and will continue to prove that China is a staunch force dedicated to the maintenance of peace in the region and the world, at large.
第四篇 Passage 4
Following are excerpts of the keynote speech by Vice-Premier Qian Qichen at the three-day International Forum on China and the World in the 21st Century, which opened on September 10 in Beijing. The Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign Affairs has sponsored this International Forum on China and the World in the 21st Century at the beginning of the new century and invited eminent statespersons, experts, scholars and entrepreneurs from both home and abroad for a discussion of the international situation in the 21st century and China’s development and its impact on the world. The forum is of great significance because it will help enhance communication, mutual understanding and cooperation among all those in attendance. It is the common aspiration of all the people in the world to maintain stability, seek development and promote cooperation. Despite some twists and turns, the trends towards multi-polarization and economic globalization are deepening and developing. Science and technology are developing rapidly, exerting a profound impact on international political, economic and cultural relations and providing a new impetus for human progress. The new developments, trends and technologies have helped expand productive forces, given full play to creativity, enhanced exchanges and cooperation among countries and forged closer global ties. All people who love peace and long for development are working hard to create a more progressive world with a bright future. However, mankind is still faced with severe challenges to peace and development. The world is far from being tranquil. Regional conflicts have kept cropping up. The objective of democracy in international relations is yet to be fulfilled. The inequitable and irrational international economic order remains unchanged. The gap between the North and the South is still widening. The establishment of a new world of lasting peace and common prosperity calls for unremitting efforts of people of all countries. Peace and development complement each other. Peace is the prerequisite for development, which is in itself one of the important foundations for peace. Developed countries should earnestly help developing countries with their economic and cultural development so as to lift them out of poverty and backwardness as soon as possible. Developing countries, on the other hand, should follow the trend of the times, seize opportunities, seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages, so as to set development rolling. The Chinese people have three major tasks to fulfill in the new century. They are to continue the modernization drive, complete the reunification cause, and maintain world peace and promote common development. The coming five to ten years will be an important period for China’s economic and social development and also a crucial period for its reform. To this end, we have formulated the Ten-Year National Economic and Social Development Outline and a blueprint for development from 2001 to 2005. We will focus on development, paying attention to restructuring throughout the process, and promote reform, opening-up and technological advancement as the driving forces behind development, all with the aim of improving our people’s livelihood. The strategic economic restructuring that we are talking about is a comprehensive one. It covers the industrial, regional, urban and rural, and ownership structures. To narrow the gap between the east and west of China and achieve a coordinated development of the national economy, we are implementing the strategy of developing China’s west, with emphasis on the construction of infrastructure and improvement of the ecological environment. We will carry out the strategy of revitalizing the country through science and education. It includes the training of more professionals, promoting technological and institutional innovations and expediting the informationization of the national economic and social development. We are committed to a coordinated development of the economy and society, reforming the economic system along with the political system, and combing the rule of law with the rule of virtue. With regard to the opening-up drive, we will continue to import advanced technologies, funds, managerial expertise and even professionals. We will also implement the “going out” strategy, encouraging viable enterprises to invest abroad. This will enable us to take advantage of both the domestic and international markets. China’s accession to the WTO will take cooperation with foreign countries to a new stage of development. To realize the complete reunification of the motherland is the shared aspiration of the entire Chinese people. It bears on the national dignity of the Chinese people and China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. We have successfully resolved the Hong Kong and Macao questions in accordance with the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems.” Though conditions in Taiwan differ from those in Hong Kong and Macao, we will apply this principle to the Taiwan question as well, in the hope of its early resolution. There is but one China in the world, both the mainland and Taiwan belong to China, and China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division. Only by adhering to the one-China principle will it be possible to realize peaceful reunification. “One country, two systems” is the best and only model for the reunification of the two sides across the Taiwan Straits. Within the framework of “one country, two systems,” more flexible policies than those for Hong Kong and Macao may be applied to Taiwan. For example, Taiwan may continue to use the New Taiwan Dollar, retain its armed forces, maintain its status as a separate customs territory, and keep its government structure. The mainland will not levy taxes in Taiwan, not even a cent, nor will it take any money from Taiwan. The way of life of the Taiwan people will remain unchanged and Taiwan’s entrepreneurs will have their properties intact. Taiwan will make independent choices on personnel matters and the mainland will not send any official to take office in Taiwan. All in all, in a peaceful reunification of the two sides across the Taiwan Straits, the immediate and long-term interests of our Taiwan compatriots will be protected fully. Such a solution is conducive not only to the welfare of the entire Chinese people, our Taiwan compatriots included, but also to peace and development of the Asia-Pacific and the world at large. To develop cross-Straits relations, we adhere to the policies of “one China,” “negotiation between the two sides across the Taiwan Straits” and “immediate realization of the three direct links.” We have the utmost faith in the peaceful reunification and will work hard for it. We cannot afford to renounce the use of force, because that would encourage “Taiwan Independence” elements and would then make peaceful reunification impossible to achieve. To accomplish national reunification is our firm resolve and also our sacred historical mission. As long as the Taiwan authorities agree to the one-China principle for the settlement of the Taiwan question, we have the patience to wait. To date, 162 countries in the world have established diplomatic ties with China. They all acknowledge that there is only one China in the world. An overwhelming majority of the countries explicitly support China’s reunification, which we appreciate. We have consistently pursued an independent foreign policy of peace and the basic purposes of our foreign policy are to safeguard world peace and promote common development. We would like to develop friendly exchanges and mutually beneficial cooperation with all countries in the world on an equal footing, in accordance with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. We are of the view that arms expansion and stronger military alliances will not ensure security. We stand for a new security concept based on mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and co-ordination. In other words, one should try to seek common security through consultation and dialogue on an equal footing enhanced by mutual trust. China has always been a force for peace and development. With the accomplishment of economic modernization and the great cause of national reunification, China will make fresh and even greater contributions to world peace, stability and prosperity.
2006-06-26 09:46
southernsky
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第十八单元 Unit 18 国际会议 International Conferences
I. 阅读材料 Reading Materials
第一篇 Passage 1
The Nobel Lecture Given By The 2001 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate
Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Excellencies, Members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, Ladies and Gentlemen, Today, in Afghanistan, a girl will be born. Her mother will hold her and feed her, comfort her and care for her – just as any mother would anywhere in the world. In these most basic acts of human nature, humanity knows no divisions. But to be born a girl in today’s Afghanistan is to live under conditions that many of us in this hall would consider inhuman. No one today is unaware of this divide between the world’s rich and poor. No one today can claim ignorance of the cost that this divide imposes on the poor and dispossessed who are no less deserving of human dignity, fundamental freedoms, security, food and education than any of us. The cost, however, is not borne by them alone. Ultimately, it is borne by all of us --- North and South, rich and poor, men and women of all races and religions. Today’s real borders are not between nations, but between powerful and powerless, free and fettered, privileged and humiliated. Today, no walls can separate humanitarian or human rights crises in one part of the world from national security crises in another. Scientists tell us that the world of nature is so small and interdependent that a butterfly flapping its wings in the Amazon rainforest can generate a violent storm on the other side of the earth. This principle is known as the “Butterfly Effect.” Today, we realize, perhaps more than ever, that the world of human activity also has its own “Butterfly Effect” --- for better or for worse. Ladies and Gentlemen, We have entered the third millennium through a gate of fire. If today, after the horror of 11 September, we see better, and we see further --- we will realize that humanity is indivisible. New threats make no distinction between races, nations or regions. A new insecurity has entered every mind, regardless of wealth or status. A deeper awareness of the bonds that bind us all – in pain as in prosperity --- has gripped young and old. In the early beginnings of the 21st century this new reality can never be ignored. It must be confronted. We inherit from the 20th century the political, as well as the scientific and technological power, which --- if only we have the will to use them --- give us the chance to vanquish poverty, ignorance and disease. In the 21st century I believe the mission of the United Nations will be defined by a new, more profound awareness of the sanctity and dignity of every human life, regardless of race or religion. This will require us to look beyond the framework of states, and beneath the surface of nations or communities. We must focus, as never before, on improving the conditions of the individual men and women who give the state or nation its richness and character. We must begin with the young Afghan girl, recognizing that saving that one life is to save humanity itself. The rights of the individual are of no less importance to immigrants or minorities in Europe and the Americas than to women in Afghanistan or children in Africa. They are as fundamental to the poor as to the rich; they are as necessary to the security of the developed world as to that of the developing world. From this vision of the role of the United Nations in the next century flow three key priorities for the future: eradicating poverty, preventing conflict, and promoting democracy. Only in a world that is rid of poverty can all men and women make the most of their abilities. Only when individual rights are respected can differences be channeled politically and resolved peacefully. Only in a democratic environment, based on respect for diversity and dialogue, can individual self-expression and self-government be secured, and freedom of association be upheld. Distinguished guests, The idea that there is one people in possession of the truth, one answer to the world’s ills, or one solution to humanity’s needs, has done untold harm throughout history ---- especially in the last century. Today, however, even amidst continuing ethnic conflict around the world, there is a growing understanding that human diversity is both the reality that makes dialogue necessary, and the very basis for that dialogue. We understand, as never before, that each of us is fully worthy of the respect and dignity essential to our common humanity. We recognize that we are the products of many cultures, traditions and memories; that mutual respect allows us to study and learn from other cultures; and that we gain strength by combining the foreign with the familiar. In every great faith and tradition one can find the values of tolerance and mutual understanding. The Qur’an, for example, tells us “We created you from a single pair of male and female and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know each other.” Confucius urged his followers: “When the good way prevails in the state, speak boldly and act boldly. When the state has lost its way, act boldly and speak softly.” In the Jewish tradition, the injunction to “love thy neighbor as thyself,” is considered to be the very essence of the Torah. This thought is reflected in the Christian Gospel, which also teaches us to love our enemies and pray for those who wish to persecute us. Hindus are taught that “truth is one, the sages give it various names.” And in the Buddhist tradition, individuals are urged to act with compassion in every facet of life. Each of us has the right to take pride in our particular faith or heritage. But the notion that what is ours is necessarily in conflict with what is both false and dangerous. It has resulted in endless enmity and conflict, leading men to commit the greatest of crimes in the name of a higher power. It need not be so. People of different religions and cultures live side by side in almost every part of the world, and most of us have overlapping identities which unite us with different groups. We can love what we are, without hating what – and who – we are not. We can thrive in our own tradition, even as we learn from others, and come to respect their teachings. Thank you very much. Oslo, December 10, 2001
课文词语 Words and Expressions from the Text the poor and dispossessed 被剥夺的穷人 fetter 束缚 Butterfly Effect 蝴蝶效应 for better or for worse 不管怎么说 sanctity 神圣 channel （通过某种渠道）输送，传送 freedom of association 交往自由 injunction 训谕 Torah 《旧约》的首五卷；摩西五经 Gospel 《福音书》 Hindu 印度教的信仰者 sage 圣人；圣贤 facet 方面 enmity 敌意；仇恨
第二篇Passage 2
Opening Remarks by Finnish President Tarja Halonen at the Millennium Summit
September 6, 2000 Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, Distinguished Heads of State and Government, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, We meet today at the United Nations to celebrate the new millennium and to declare our vision for the future. We have come together sent by the peoples of our common globe. We have a mandate and a responsibility. Our vision carries particular authority. It will resonate for years to come and guide the efforts of the international community. We have a task and we need to fulfill it. Our task is threefold: we need to meet the demands of the outside world; we need to clarify the role of the UN in the world affairs and we need to change the UN to be a modern effective organization. The world outside this building is changing with an ever-greater speed. Humankind faces both daunting challenges and unprecedented opportunities. We need to act together to address globalization. We must make best of the opportunities and face the challenges with wisdom, justice and courage. It is our responsibility to save the environment-our common heritage-to the future generations. Human being is in the center of our work. Every human being is valuable. We need to work together as fellow citizens and partners: women and men, black and white, children and adults, rich and poor, strong and weak. I salute you, Mr. Secretary-General, for your report which has been valuable in inspiring the Millennium Declaration. The overriding theme of your report is globalization, which in itself is an embodiment of the challenges, opportunities and rapid change. We know the causes and many of the consequences of globalization. This gives us an opportunity to influence the change for the better. This is the core of your report and the resolute message of our Declaration. We the peoples make the critical choices. A global marketplace is an effective means of creating and distributing wealth, but it must be governed by a fair set of rules, by the people and for the people. Also at the national level, the key to development and progress is democracy, respect for human rights, rule of law and good governance. Without a solid domestic foundation, a country will fail even under the best of global rules. Our planet is a global village, but not all the houses are alike. This village suffers from poverty. To eradicate poverty, we need solidarity. Solidarity grows from individuals. There is a continued need for multilateralism. In an interdependent world, no nation is an island and everybody’s fortunes are linked. The United Nations is the stronghold of multilateralism and should continue to be so. This Millennium summit is the moment to reflect on the future of the United Nations. The United Nations is often the only one out in the field to assist, to advise and to build institutions. It is imperative that the Member States give it the means and resources that enable the Organization to fulfill its mandate. We cannot expect the United Nations to accomplish everything alone. To be successful and credible it must act in partnership with other Organizations and with the civil society. We must make the Organization reflect the world as it is today. I have thus declared the Millennium Summit open. Let us feel the humility and a sense of history of this moment. Let us turn this into an event which will make a difference. Let us also use to the fullest the opportunity to meet together and bilaterally, and to reach a meeting of minds, Let us feel our responsibility towards our fellow citizens, We have the means if we have the will. Let us make this Millennium Summit a great success!
课文词语 Words and Expressions from the Text Heads of State and Government 国家元首和政府首脑 mandate 授权 to resonate 回响；反响 threefold 三部分的；三重的 daunting challenges 严峻的挑战 to address 应对；处理 embodiment 体现；化身 multilateralism 多边主义 to reflect on 考虑；深思 the civil society 民间团体 humility 谦逊；谦恭 a meeting of minds 意见一致
2006-06-26 09:47
southernsky
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II．口译实践 Interpretation Practice 听译下列课文 Listen to the Following Passages and Interpret Them:
第一篇（英译汉） Passage 1（E—C）
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions vow 发誓；立誓 relieve poverty 济贫 eke by 竭力维持 altruism 利他主义 breed 滋生；产生 holdings 拥有的财产（尤指股票、债券） gaping differences 巨大差异
MONTERREY, Mexico (AP) - After decades of cutbacks in aid to the developing world, rich nations have agreed to pump billions of dollars into poor countries in exchange for their efforts to stabilize their governments and economies. More than 50 heads of state wrapped up a weeklong U.N. International Conference on Financing for Development on Friday, agreeing to do more for the half of the world's population that ekes by on less than $2 a day. Leaders said providing aid is no longer a matter of altruism. They argued that richer nations make better markets for their products - and breed fewer terrorists. "We will challenge the poverty and hopelessness and lack of education and failed governments that too often allow conditions that terrorists can seize and try to turn to their advantage," said President Bush. "We must do more than just feel good about what we are doing," he said. "We must do good." Tunisian President Ben Ali said the world would not live in peace until poverty is eradicated. "Peace and security cannot prevail worldwide unless all forms of poverty, marginalization and exclusion are eliminated," he said. Even business leaders, who participated in the conference, seemed to agree. Carlos Slim, whose telecommunications and retail holdings make him the richest man in Latin America, told reporters Friday night: "The poor aren't a market. You have to end poverty to strengthen markets." "This isn't charity," he said. The summit was the first to bring together heads of state, finance ministers, business leaders, aid activists and international lending institutions to address reducing extreme poverty. Leaders closed the meeting by adopting the "Monterrey Consensus," a preapproved agreement that urges rich nations to give billions more dollars in aid and calls for poor countries in return to battle corruption, adopt solid economic practices and spend the funds efficiently. Other such summits have drawn bloody protests, but the streets of this conservative industrial city have been largely quiet this week. "It seems to me that in recent times there has not been a meeting of this type that has turned out so peacefully," Mexican President Vicente Fox said Friday after the summit. Activists say part of the reason there weren't larger protests was that the leaders are now discussing the issues they have long been pushing, but they warned if their words are not backed by action, demonstrators will return to the streets. Many nations still have gaping differences in their interpretations of the "new partnership." Rich nations want to rely heavily on private investment to bring wealth to the developing world, while some poor countries say the rich owe it to them to make up for centuries of colonialism, subjugation and slavery. The Monterrey Consensus didn't go as far as many activists --- and even some governments - had urged. An early proposal called for developed nations to devote 0.7 percent of their gross national product --- the value of all goods and services --- to development aid. The final document mentioned that figure only as a goal to work toward, without giving a timetable. The consensus also placed heavy responsibilities on poor countries receiving aid, committing them to work toward increasing investment in their economies and toward greater political and economic stability.
第二篇（英译汉） Passage 2（E—C）
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions action agenda 行动纲领 Plan of Implementation 《执行计划》 NGO：Non-Government Organization 非政府组织 partnership initiatives 合作计划 proceedings 会议事项 phase in (out) 逐步采用（淘汰） bolster 支持 desertification 沙漠化 biodiversity 生物多样性 ozone depleting chemicals 破坏臭氧层的化学物质
In the face of growing poverty and increasing environment degradation, the World Summit has succeeded in generating a sense of urgency, commitments for action, and partnerships to achieve measurable results, according to Johannesburg Summit Secretary --- General Nitin Desai. The Summit is expected to adopt the ten-chapter Plan of Implementation, aimed at detailing the actions needed to fight poverty and protect the environment, at its final session tomorrow. The document was negotiated in meetings held in New York, Bali, and finally Johannesburg. By any standard, participation and interest in the Summit has been high. The 104 Heads of State and Government that took part in the Summit were joined by more than 21,000 people, including more than 9,000 delegates, 8,000 NGOs and 4,000 members of the press. As a result of the summit, governments agreed on a series of commitments in five priority areas that were backed up by specific government announcements on programs, and by partnership initiatives. More than 220 partnerships, representing $235 million in resources, were identified during the Summit process to complement the government commitments, and many more were announced outside of the formal Summit proceedings. For example, Desai said, for water and sanitation, countries agreed to commit themselves to halve the proportion of people who lack clean water and proper sanitation by 2015. These commitments were backed up by a United States announcement of an investment of $970 million in water projects over the next three years, and a European Union announcement to engage in partnerships to meet the new goals, primarily in Africa and Central Asia. The UN received 21 other partnership initiatives in this area with at least $20 million in extra resources. In energy, Desai said countries committed themselves to expanding access to the two billion people that do not have access to modern energy services. In addition, he added that while countries did not agree on a target for phasing in renewable energy, they did commit to green energy and the phase out of subsidies for types of energy that are not consistent with sustainable development. And to bolster these commitments, a group of nine major electric companies signed agreements to undertake sustainable energy project in developing countries. In addition, the EU announced a $700 million partnership initiative on energy and the US announced investment of up to $43 million for energy in 2003. On health issues, in addition to fight HIV/AIDS and reduce water borne diseases, and the health risks due to pollution, countries agreed to phase out, by 2020, the use and production of chemicals that harm human health and the environment. Proposals for the Global Environment Facility to fund implementation of the Convention to Combat Desertification have already been adopted, and will have a major impact on improving agricultural practices in the dry lands. The United States said it would invest $90 million in 2003 for sustainable agriculture and 17 partnership submissions to the UN contained at least $2 million in additional resources. There were many commitments made to project biodiversity and improve ecosystem management, Desai said. These include commitments to reduce biodiversity loss by 2010; to restore fisheries to their maximum sustainable yields by 2015; to establish a representative network of marine protected areas by 2012; and to improve developing countries’ access to environmentally-sound alternatives to ozone depleting chemicals by 2010. These commitments are supported by 32 partnership initiatives submitted to the UN, with $100 million in additional resources, and a US announcement of $53 million for forest management in 2002-2005. “It’s impossible to know how many resources the Summit has mobilized,” Desai said, “but we know they are substantial. Furthermore, many of the new resources will attract additional resources that will greatly enhance our efforts to take sustainable development to the next level, where it will benefit more people and protect more of our environment.
2006-06-26 09:47
southernsky
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第 66 楼
第三篇（汉译英） Passage 3（C---E）
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions 博鳌亚洲论坛 Boao Forum for Asia 方兴未艾 go ahead with full stream 区域合作 regional cooperation 次区域合作 sub-regional cooperation 泛亚合作 pan-Asian cooperation 自我封闭 self-reclusive 排他性集团 exclusive groups 福祉 benefits 非关税壁垒 non-tariff barriers 各位来宾、各位朋友，女士们，先生们： 我很高兴参加博鳌亚洲论坛首次年会。我愿意与大家共同探讨新世纪新亚洲区域合作与发展的问题。 亚洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居着世界60％的人口。资源十分丰富，历史源远流长，文化博大精深。上个世纪中 ，亚洲的巨变和崛起，谱写了亚洲发展的辉煌篇章，也成为人类社会进步的显著标志。展望新世纪，曾经拥有光辉灿烂历史的亚洲，必将创造出更加绚丽多彩的文明 。 近年来，在亚洲国家共同努力下，包容、平等和渐进的地区合作意识日益增强，开放、健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。亚太经合组织不断发展，东亚区域合作方兴未艾，“上海合作组织”顺利运转。去年11月，我国与东盟国家一致同意今后10年内逐步建立中国－东盟自由贸易区，有关方面正就启动谈判进行接触。这些将为亚洲国家和地区扩大交流、深化合作，提供重要渠道和机制。但是，与欧洲和北美区域合作相比，亚洲区域合作相对落后。一段时间以来，许多方面对亚洲区域合作的发展方向提出不少独到见解。这里，我谈几点看法： 第一，以经济合作为重点，逐步拓展全方位合作。发展经济是亚洲各国的首要任务。从实际需要和实践看，可以把贸易、交通、农业、信息、能源作为优先合作领域，并逐步向其他领域扩展。 第二，立足现有合作渠道，不断扩大合作范围。东亚、 南亚、西亚和中亚地理上相对独立，经济发展各有特色。从便利性和有效性看，应首先加强次区域合作，在此基础上，积极探索泛亚合作的途径。 第三，进一步拓展双边合作，增强区域合作的基础。加强双边合作，有利于推动地区合作的顺利发展。区域合作也有利于为双边开辟更广阔的空间。两者可以形成良性互动。 第四，实行开放式地区合作。开放是亚洲文化的传统， 合作不可能自我封闭，更不应形成排他性集团。亚洲国家应通过APEC、亚欧会议和东亚－拉美合作论坛等渠道，进一步加强与各大洲国家的合作。 中国是亚洲的一员。二十年来，中国坚定不移地推进改革开放，加速国民经济发展，促进人民生活改善。随着新世纪的到来，中国现代化建设进入了新的阶段，国民经济将以每年增长7％以上的速度持续向前发展。中国改革开放和现代化建设的新跨越，不仅将给中国人民带来巨大福祉，也必将提供无限商机，为亚洲和世界经济合作开辟新的广阔空间。 加入世贸组织，是中国对外开放的新起点。我们将在更大范围和更深程度上参与国际经济合作与竞争。中国将进一步向亚洲和世界开放，向各国的企业家、投资者开放。我们恪守入世承诺，有步骤地扩大开放领域，降低关税水平，取消非关税壁垒。我们也将不断完善法治， 创造更加公平、透明和可预见的市场环境。同时，我们还将大力实施“走出去”战略，鼓励中国各种所有制企业走向世界。 中国人民热爱和平，中国的发展需要和平。中国经济的发展，不会对任何国家和地区构成威胁。无论现在还是将来，中国始终是维护世界和平、促进共同发展的重要力量。 亚洲人民勤劳智慧，自强不息，这是亚洲过去取得辉煌成就和创造灿烂明天的重要法宝。中国人民愿与亚洲各国人民一道，携手共创新世纪亚洲的美好未来。 第四篇（汉译英） Passage 4（C----E）
相关词语 Related Words and Expressions: 国际奥委会 IOC (International Olympic Committee) 坚定支持 stand firmly behind 申请举办2008年国际奥运会 bid for the 2008 Olympic Games 评估团 Evaluation Commission 信守所有承诺 honor each and every commitment 陈述报告 Candidature File 奥委会各项号召和活动 IOC initiatives 忠实支持者 a staunch supporter 全民健身运动 “fitness-for-all” sports campaign 预期寿命 life expectancy 体育设施 sports facilities 奥林匹克友谊合作基金 Olympic Friendship and Co-operation Fund 同胞 fellow countrymen 衷心地 from the bottom of one’s heart 长期期待的愿望 long-cherished aspirations
第三篇Passage 3 Distinguished Guests, Dear Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen, It gives me great pleasure to attend this First Annual Conference of Boao Forum for Asia. I would like to discuss with you issues concerning Asia's regional cooperation and development in the new century. As the biggest continent on the earth, Asia takes up 60 percent of its population. It has abundant resources, long history and magnificent and exquisite cultures. With its stupendous changes and rise in the last century, Asia wrote a glorious chapter in the annals of its own development and left a brilliant hallmark on the advancement of human society. Looking into the new century, this great continent of many splendid ancient civilizations will surely embrace an even more colorful modern civilization. In recent years, thanks to the joint efforts of Asian countries, there has been a growing awareness of regional cooperation featuring greater tolerance, equality and gradual progress while a situation of open, healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape. APEC is making steady progress. The East Asia regional cooperation has gone ahead with full stream and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is functioning smoothly. Last November, China and the ASEAN members agreed to gradually build a China-ASEAN free trade area in the coming decade, and the various quarters are making contacts for an early launch of negotiations. These developments will provide important channels and mechanisms for wider exchanges and deeper cooperation among Asian countries and regions. However, compared with Europe and North America, Asia 's regional cooperation is still rather backward. We have of late heard quite some insightful views on the orientation of regional cooperation in Asia. Now, I would like to make a few observations. First, we should take economic cooperation as the key focus and develop all-round cooperation in a step-by-step fashion. Economic development is the primary task of Asian countries. Given our real needs and experience, such areas as trade, communications, agriculture, information and energy can be made priority areas of cooperation which will be gradually enlarged to include other areas. Second, we should build on existing channels of cooperation to steadily broaden the scope of cooperation. As East Asia, South Asia and Central Asia are relatively independent geographically and different in ways of achieving economic development, it would be more advisable just for the sake of convenience and effectiveness to reinforce sub-regional cooperation as the first step and, on the basis, to actively explore the ways of a pan-Asia cooperation. Third, we should further step up bilateral cooperation to consolidate the basis of regional cooperation. A closer cooperation at bilateral level will facilitate the smooth progress of regional cooperation, while regional cooperation will open even broader horizon for bilateral cooperation. The two can very well complement each other. Fourth, we should ensure that the regional cooperation is an open one. Openness is in the tradition of Asian cultures. Cooperation by definition must not be self-reclusive or enjoyed only by members of an exclusive group. Instead, Asian countries should further enhance their cooperation with countries of other continents through such channels as APEC, ASEM and East Asia-Latin America Forum. China is an Asian country. Over the past two decades and more, China has achieved rapid economic growth thanks to its unswerving pursuit of the reform and opening up policy, accelerated the development of its national economy, and improved its people's livelihood. In the new century, China's modernization drive has entered a new stage, and its national economy will keep developing at an annual growth rate of more than 7 percent. Such a new leap forward in China's reform, opening up and modernization drive will not only bring enormous benefits to the Chinese people, but also deliver unlimited business opportunities, ushering in broad prospects for economic cooperation in Asia and around the world. China's accession to the World Trade Organization represents the new starting point for its opening to the outside world. Our participation in worldwide economic cooperation and competition will assume greater scope and depth. China will open its door still wider to the rest of Asia and the world, to entrepreneurs and investors of all countries. We will honor our WTO commitments, opening more areas in a phased manner, lowering our tariffs and removing non-tariff barriers. We will continue to improve our rule of law, thus bringing about in China a market environment that is fairer, more transparent and more predictable. In the meantime, we will energetically carry out our "going global" strategy, encouraging more Chinese firms of multiple ownerships to operate globally. The Chinese people love peace. China's development needs peace. But an economically developed China will pose no threat to any country or region. China is, and will always be, an important force making for world peace and common development. The people in Asia are diligent, talented and persistent in self-development. These qualities made Asia's magnificent achievements possible and promise an even brighter future for the continent. The Chinese people are ready to work hand in hand with the people in other Asian countries to build a better future for Asia. (Excerpts from Premier Zhu Rongji’s speech at the First Annual Conference of Boao Forum for Asia, April 12, 2002)
第4篇Passage 4
Mr. President, IOC members, Ladies and Gentlemen, On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to reaffirm that our government stands firmly behind Beijing in its bid for the 2008 Olympic Games. The Chinese Government respects and appreciates the conclusion reached by the IOC Evaluation Commission. We have worked out a plan accordingly to ensure an excellent Games in Beijing. The Chinese government will honor each and every commitment it has made in Beijing’s Candidature File and will do whatever it can to assist Beijing to fulfill its promises. China embraces the Olympic spirit and has always been a staunch supporter behind the IOC initiatives. Over the past five decades, thanks to, among other things, the nation-wide “fitness-for-all” sports campaign, our people’s health has been greatly improved, and the average life expectancy has increased from 35 years to 70. Our athletes have been doing quite well in the sports events organized by the IOC. To further promote the Olympic spirit, China has also helped other developing countries with their sports facilities. For instance, we have helped them build 36 stadiums. And we will continue to do so in the future. Ladies and Gentlemen, I wish to take this opportunity to pledge to you that if there is a surplus in the Games revenue, we will use it to set up an Olympic Friendship and Co-operation Fund for financing sports undertakings in developing countries. If there is a deficit, the difference will be covered by the Chinese Government. China has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world over the past 20 years since its reform and opening-up. It has enjoyed continued political stability, social progress and economic prosperity. An Olympic Games in Beijing will not only serve the interests of the Chinese people, but also promote the Olympic spirit and contribute to peace and friendship, stability and development in the world. Many people in the world have a dream that one day they could come to China and visit Beijing. My fellow countrymen, for their part, share a strong desire to stage an excellent Olympic Games in Beijing, which, as they see it, is a great contribution to the Olympic Movement. I therefore hope, from the bottom of my heart, that you, distinguished IOC members, will help them realize their long-cherished aspirations. Chinese sage Confucius says, “Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar!” Indeed, it is our delight to welcome all guests with open arms in Beijing in the year 2008. I am sure you will have a great Games in Beijing. Thank you!
六星级
2006-06-26 09:46
四星级
四星级
FanE.cn